The Impact of Nurse-Led Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Patients with Anxiety Disorders: A Case Study of University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State

The Impact of Nurse-Led Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Patients with Anxiety Disorders: A Case Study of University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State

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Background of the Study

Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent mental health conditions, affecting millions globally and significantly impairing individuals' daily functioning (WHO, 2024). In Nigeria, the burden of anxiety disorders is rising due to increasing socioeconomic challenges, trauma, and limited access to mental health care (Ogunleye & Bello, 2023). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has been established as an effective psychological intervention for managing anxiety disorders by helping patients identify and modify maladaptive thought patterns and behaviors (Adeyemi et al., 2024).

In recent years, nurse-led CBT has gained recognition as a cost-effective and accessible treatment approach, particularly in resource-limited settings where psychiatrists and clinical psychologists are scarce (Olawale & Ibrahim, 2023). Nurses trained in CBT techniques provide structured therapy sessions, psychoeducation, and coping strategies, enhancing patients’ ability to manage anxiety symptoms. At University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, nurse-led mental health interventions are increasingly utilized, yet their effectiveness in treating anxiety disorders remains underexplored.

This study aims to assess the impact of nurse-led CBT on anxiety disorder patients at UCH, Ibadan, evaluating symptom reduction, patient adherence, and overall psychological well-being. Findings will inform policy on expanding the role of nurses in mental health care.

Statement of the Problem

Despite the growing burden of anxiety disorders in Nigeria, access to professional mental health care remains limited, with only a few psychiatrists and psychologists available nationwide (Adebayo & Eze, 2024). As a result, nurses are increasingly involved in delivering CBT to bridge this gap. However, there is little empirical evidence on the effectiveness of nurse-led CBT in Nigeria.

Additionally, factors such as inadequate training, high patient load, and limited resources may impact the success of nurse-led CBT interventions. Without a clear understanding of their effectiveness, it is difficult to advocate for expanded nurse-led therapy programs in Nigerian hospitals. This study seeks to evaluate whether nurse-led CBT significantly improves anxiety management outcomes.

Objectives of the Study

1. To assess the effectiveness of nurse-led CBT in reducing anxiety symptoms among patients at UCH, Ibadan.
2. To examine the challenges faced by nurses in delivering CBT interventions.
3. To evaluate patient satisfaction and adherence to nurse-led CBT sessions.

Research Questions

1. How effective is nurse-led CBT in reducing anxiety symptoms?
2. What challenges do nurses face in implementing CBT for anxiety disorder patients?
3. How satisfied are patients with nurse-led CBT interventions?

Research Hypotheses

1. Nurse-led CBT does not significantly reduce anxiety symptoms among patients.
2. Challenges faced by nurses do not significantly affect the delivery of CBT interventions.
3. Patient satisfaction with nurse-led CBT does not significantly influence adherence to therapy.

Scope and Limitations of the Study

This study focuses on patients diagnosed with anxiety disorders receiving nurse-led CBT at UCH, Ibadan. Limitations include potential variations in therapy delivery, patient self-reporting biases, and the exclusion of other psychological interventions.

Definitions of Terms

• Nurse-Led CBT: A structured form of therapy delivered by trained nurses to help patients manage anxiety disorders.
• Anxiety Disorders: A group of mental health conditions characterized by excessive fear, worry, and behavioral disturbances.
• Patient Adherence: The extent to which patients follow recommended therapy sessions and coping strategies.
• Psychological Well-Being: The overall mental health status, including emotional stability and coping ability.

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